Archives
v15i1.401eISSN: 1800-427X (online)
DOI:10.47605/tapro.v15i1.401
Submitted date: 22 January 2025
Accepted date: 9 April 2026
Published date: 16 May 2026
Pp. 56–62.
A NEW SPINY EGGPLANT SPECIES OF THE GENUS Solanum L. (ANGIOSPERMS: SOLANACEAE) FROM INDONESIAN BORNEO
Esthi L. Agustiani*, Siti Susiarti, Tutie Djarwaningsih & Muhammad R. Hariri
*Corresponding author. E-mail: esth003@brin.go.id
Abstract
A novel Solanum species belonging to the Leptostemonum clade has been identified in the Indonesian flora. The new species is currently exclusively found in East and South Kalimantan. It is primarily found in the gardens of inhabitants of Kalimantan. It thrives in a variety of soil types, including sandy loam, well-drained, and acidic black soils. This species resembles S. lasiocarpum but can be distinguished by its nearly as-long-as-wide leaf blades, very shallowly lobed leaves, a puberulent adaxial surface with occasional long-stalked stellate hairs, an oblique leaf base, slightly longer pedicels, larger corolla lobes, and a puberulent, pendent mature fruit. A detailed description, taxonomic note, and an initial evaluation of the conservation status of this species are provided.
Section Editor: Gustavo Heiden
DOI:10.47605/tapro.v15i1.401
Submitted date: 22 January 2025
Accepted date: 9 April 2026
Published date: 16 May 2026
Pp. 56–62.
A NEW SPINY EGGPLANT SPECIES OF THE GENUS Solanum L. (ANGIOSPERMS: SOLANACEAE) FROM INDONESIAN BORNEO
Esthi L. Agustiani*, Siti Susiarti, Tutie Djarwaningsih & Muhammad R. Hariri
*Corresponding author. E-mail: esth003@brin.go.id
Abstract
A novel Solanum species belonging to the Leptostemonum clade has been identified in the Indonesian flora. The new species is currently exclusively found in East and South Kalimantan. It is primarily found in the gardens of inhabitants of Kalimantan. It thrives in a variety of soil types, including sandy loam, well-drained, and acidic black soils. This species resembles S. lasiocarpum but can be distinguished by its nearly as-long-as-wide leaf blades, very shallowly lobed leaves, a puberulent adaxial surface with occasional long-stalked stellate hairs, an oblique leaf base, slightly longer pedicels, larger corolla lobes, and a puberulent, pendent mature fruit. A detailed description, taxonomic note, and an initial evaluation of the conservation status of this species are provided.
Section Editor: Gustavo Heiden
v15i1.400eISSN: 1800-427X (online)
DOI:10.47605/tapro.v15i1.400
Submitted date: 5 February 2026
Accepted date: 26 April 2026
Published date: 16 May 2026
Pp. 48–55.
PREVALENCE OF LEPTOSPIROSIS AND AGE STRUCTURE OF Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout, 1769) (MAMMALIA: RODENTIA: MURIDAE) ACROSS URBAN AREAS IN INDONESIA
Ristiyanto Ristiyanto*, Arief Mulyono, Farida D. Handayani, Raden A. Wigati, M. Mujiyanto, Triwibowo A. Garjito, Agung P. Kesuma, Tri Wahono, Muhammad C. Hidajat, Dian E. Setyaningtyas, Anis N. Widayati & Ibnu Maryanto
*Corresponding author. E-mail: rist009@brin.go.id
Abstract
This study examined the age structure and prevalence of Leptospira infection in Rattus norvegicus to assess age-related transmission of leptospirosis. Sampling was conducted from 2015 to 2021 across five urban locations in Indonesia: Semarang City, Demak Regency, Bandung Regency, Makassar City, and Samarinda. Rats were trapped in indoor and outdoor habitats, euthanized, and sampled for blood and eye lenses. Conventional PCR was used to detect Leptospira DNA in kidney samples, while lens weight was used to estimate age. A total of 263 rats were captured (159 females, 104 males), ranging in age from 126.4 to 1037.5 days. Infection prevalence was highest among rats aged 240.3–354.2 days (9 individuals) and 126.4–240.3 days (7 individuals), with most positives occurring indoors (23 individuals) compared to only 10 individuals outdoors. Overall, 12.5% of rats (33 individuals) tested positive, with 69.7% (23 individuals) recorded indoors and 30.3% (10 individuals) outdoors. Females showed slightly higher prevalence (13.2%, 21 individuals) than males (11.5%, 12 individuals). The predominance of infected rats in indoor habitats indicates a higher risk of transmission, particularly in Semarang and Demak.
Section Editor: Caio G. Zeppelini
DOI:10.47605/tapro.v15i1.400
Submitted date: 5 February 2026
Accepted date: 26 April 2026
Published date: 16 May 2026
Pp. 48–55.
PREVALENCE OF LEPTOSPIROSIS AND AGE STRUCTURE OF Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout, 1769) (MAMMALIA: RODENTIA: MURIDAE) ACROSS URBAN AREAS IN INDONESIA
Ristiyanto Ristiyanto*, Arief Mulyono, Farida D. Handayani, Raden A. Wigati, M. Mujiyanto, Triwibowo A. Garjito, Agung P. Kesuma, Tri Wahono, Muhammad C. Hidajat, Dian E. Setyaningtyas, Anis N. Widayati & Ibnu Maryanto
*Corresponding author. E-mail: rist009@brin.go.id
Abstract
This study examined the age structure and prevalence of Leptospira infection in Rattus norvegicus to assess age-related transmission of leptospirosis. Sampling was conducted from 2015 to 2021 across five urban locations in Indonesia: Semarang City, Demak Regency, Bandung Regency, Makassar City, and Samarinda. Rats were trapped in indoor and outdoor habitats, euthanized, and sampled for blood and eye lenses. Conventional PCR was used to detect Leptospira DNA in kidney samples, while lens weight was used to estimate age. A total of 263 rats were captured (159 females, 104 males), ranging in age from 126.4 to 1037.5 days. Infection prevalence was highest among rats aged 240.3–354.2 days (9 individuals) and 126.4–240.3 days (7 individuals), with most positives occurring indoors (23 individuals) compared to only 10 individuals outdoors. Overall, 12.5% of rats (33 individuals) tested positive, with 69.7% (23 individuals) recorded indoors and 30.3% (10 individuals) outdoors. Females showed slightly higher prevalence (13.2%, 21 individuals) than males (11.5%, 12 individuals). The predominance of infected rats in indoor habitats indicates a higher risk of transmission, particularly in Semarang and Demak.
Section Editor: Caio G. Zeppelini
v15i1.399eISSN: 1800-427X (online)
DOI:10.47605/tapro.v15i1.399
Submitted date: 7 February 2025
Accepted date: 10 March 2026
Published date: 3 May 2026
Pp. 38–47, Pl. 12.
Glyphoglossus minutus (DAS, YAAKOB, AND LIM, 2004): A JUNIOR SUBJECTIVE SYNONYM OF Glyphoglossus volzi (VAN KAMPEN, 1905) (ANURA: MICROHYLIDAE)
Alamsyah E.N. Herlambang*, Arief Tajalli, Masafumi Matsui, Kanto Nishikawa, Norhayati Ahmad, Daicus M. Belabut & Amir Hamidy
*Corresponding author. E-mail: elangalamsyah@gmail.com
Abstract
Glyphoglossus volzi (van Kampen, 1905; Sumatra) and G. minutus (Das, Yaakob & Lim, 2004; Peninsular Malaysia) have been treated as distinct species based largely on morphological characters. We examined a preserved male of Glyphoglossus from Jambi (central Sumatra), compared it to the lectotype of G. volzi and topotypic G. minutus, and reconstructed relationships using a 448 bp fragment of mitochondrial 16S rRNA. Phylogenetic analyses (BI, ML) place the Jambi specimen with topotypic G. minutus with shallow divergence (p-distance 1.86%), and morphological comparisons show concordant diagnostic traits and overlapping mensural data. Given the congruence of evidence and the historical taxonomic context, we regard G. minutus as conspecific with G. volzi and formally place G. minutus in synonymy under G. volzi. We clarify generic and species-level nomenclature, correct several literature and distributional statements, and highlight the limits of short mtDNA fragments for delimitation in Microhylidae. Our results underscore the value of targeted sampling of elusive, fossorial taxa in biogeographically connected regions. On the basis of concordant morphological evidence and 16S data, we treat Calluella minuta as conspecific with Glyphoglossus volzi and place it in synonymy.
Section Editor: Enrique La Marca
DOI:10.47605/tapro.v15i1.399
Submitted date: 7 February 2025
Accepted date: 10 March 2026
Published date: 3 May 2026
Pp. 38–47, Pl. 12.
Glyphoglossus minutus (DAS, YAAKOB, AND LIM, 2004): A JUNIOR SUBJECTIVE SYNONYM OF Glyphoglossus volzi (VAN KAMPEN, 1905) (ANURA: MICROHYLIDAE)
Alamsyah E.N. Herlambang*, Arief Tajalli, Masafumi Matsui, Kanto Nishikawa, Norhayati Ahmad, Daicus M. Belabut & Amir Hamidy
*Corresponding author. E-mail: elangalamsyah@gmail.com
Abstract
Glyphoglossus volzi (van Kampen, 1905; Sumatra) and G. minutus (Das, Yaakob & Lim, 2004; Peninsular Malaysia) have been treated as distinct species based largely on morphological characters. We examined a preserved male of Glyphoglossus from Jambi (central Sumatra), compared it to the lectotype of G. volzi and topotypic G. minutus, and reconstructed relationships using a 448 bp fragment of mitochondrial 16S rRNA. Phylogenetic analyses (BI, ML) place the Jambi specimen with topotypic G. minutus with shallow divergence (p-distance 1.86%), and morphological comparisons show concordant diagnostic traits and overlapping mensural data. Given the congruence of evidence and the historical taxonomic context, we regard G. minutus as conspecific with G. volzi and formally place G. minutus in synonymy under G. volzi. We clarify generic and species-level nomenclature, correct several literature and distributional statements, and highlight the limits of short mtDNA fragments for delimitation in Microhylidae. Our results underscore the value of targeted sampling of elusive, fossorial taxa in biogeographically connected regions. On the basis of concordant morphological evidence and 16S data, we treat Calluella minuta as conspecific with Glyphoglossus volzi and place it in synonymy.
Section Editor: Enrique La Marca
v15i1.398eISSN: 1800-427X (online)
DOI:10.47605/tapro.v15i1.398
Submitted date: 19 November 2025
Accepted date: 9 March 2026
Published date: 26 April 2026
Pp. 26–37, Pls. 8–11.
TWO DISTINCT MORPHOTYPES OF Colleeneremia (ANURA: PELODRYADIDAE) FROM THE TANIMBAR ISLANDS, INDONESIA: RECOGNITION OF ONE AS A NEW SPECIES
Nabilah F. Khairunnisa, Awal Riyanto, A. A. Thasun Amarasinghe, Syahfitri Anita, Achmad Farajallah & Amir Hamidy*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: hamidyamir@gmail.com
Abstract
Colleeneremia capitula (Tyler, 1968) is an insular pelodryadid endemic to the Tanimbar Islands, Indonesia, originally described from a single female specimen and lacking a population-level assessment of morphological variation. We examined 44 specimens (29 males, 15 females) from Lorulun Village, Yamdena Island, integrating detailed morphometrics and mitochondrial 16S rRNA sequence data. Two sympatric and consistently diagnosable morphotypes were identified, differing in iris coloration (golden to copper-brown vs. uniform black), dorsal pattern, body size, and multiple size-corrected morphometric characters. Univariate analyses revealed significant differentiation in 28 of 31 measured traits, and principal component analysis recovered two largely discrete clusters in morphospace. Phylogenetic analyses of a 432 bp fragment of 16S rRNA recovered both lineages as a well-supported clade within Colleeneremia, with shallow but structured mitochondrial divergence (0.3–1.4%) between morphotypes. The combination of sympatric occurrence, consistent phenotypic diagnosability, and concordant mitochondrial structuring supports recognition of the black-iris morphotype as a distinct species, described here as a new species. This study reveals previously unrecognized diversity within the Tanimbar pelodryadids and underscores the potential for rapid insular divergence in Wallacean amphibians.
Section Editor: Enrique La Marca
LSID:urn:lsid:zoobank.org
DOI:10.47605/tapro.v15i1.398
Submitted date: 19 November 2025
Accepted date: 9 March 2026
Published date: 26 April 2026
Pp. 26–37, Pls. 8–11.
TWO DISTINCT MORPHOTYPES OF Colleeneremia (ANURA: PELODRYADIDAE) FROM THE TANIMBAR ISLANDS, INDONESIA: RECOGNITION OF ONE AS A NEW SPECIES
Nabilah F. Khairunnisa, Awal Riyanto, A. A. Thasun Amarasinghe, Syahfitri Anita, Achmad Farajallah & Amir Hamidy*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: hamidyamir@gmail.com
Abstract
Colleeneremia capitula (Tyler, 1968) is an insular pelodryadid endemic to the Tanimbar Islands, Indonesia, originally described from a single female specimen and lacking a population-level assessment of morphological variation. We examined 44 specimens (29 males, 15 females) from Lorulun Village, Yamdena Island, integrating detailed morphometrics and mitochondrial 16S rRNA sequence data. Two sympatric and consistently diagnosable morphotypes were identified, differing in iris coloration (golden to copper-brown vs. uniform black), dorsal pattern, body size, and multiple size-corrected morphometric characters. Univariate analyses revealed significant differentiation in 28 of 31 measured traits, and principal component analysis recovered two largely discrete clusters in morphospace. Phylogenetic analyses of a 432 bp fragment of 16S rRNA recovered both lineages as a well-supported clade within Colleeneremia, with shallow but structured mitochondrial divergence (0.3–1.4%) between morphotypes. The combination of sympatric occurrence, consistent phenotypic diagnosability, and concordant mitochondrial structuring supports recognition of the black-iris morphotype as a distinct species, described here as a new species. This study reveals previously unrecognized diversity within the Tanimbar pelodryadids and underscores the potential for rapid insular divergence in Wallacean amphibians.
Section Editor: Enrique La Marca
LSID:urn:lsid:zoobank.org
v15i1.397eISSN: 1800-427X (online)
DOI:10.47605/tapro.v15i1.397
Submitted date: 16 August 2025
Accepted date: 31 December 2025
Published date: 14 April 2026
Pp. 12–25, Pls. 4–7.
A NEW FOSSORIAL REED SNAKE (SQUAMATA: CALAMARIIDAE: Calamaria) FROM NORTHEAST INDIA, WITH A NOMENCLATURAL SYNOPSIS OF THE Calamaria pavimentata COMPLEX
Manmath Bharali, Chesime M. Sangma, A.A. Thasun Amarasinghe, Sanath C. Bohra, Pranjal Swargiary, Griksrang C. Marak, Arup K. Hazarika, Madhurima Das,
Bipin M. Asem, Jennifer Lyngdoh, Hmar T. Lalremsanga & Jayaditya Purkayastha
*Corresponding author. E-mail: mail.jayaditya@gmail.com
Abstract
The fossorial reed snakes of the genus Calamaria are morphologically conservative, geographically structured, and frequently misidentified across broad regions, especially where historical names have been applied without explicit synonymy audits. During surveys in the Garo Hills, Meghalaya, Northeast India, we collected a series of Calamaria specimens referable to the “Calamaria pavimentata” concept historically used for the region. We evaluate these specimens using a morphology-first framework complemented by mitochondrial cytochrome b phylogenetic placement. Maximum-likelihood inference recovers the Meghalaya lineage as the strongly supported sister to C. mizoramensis, with an uncorrected p-distance of 6.3%; these mitochondrial values are treated as descriptive support rather than as threshold-based evidence. Morphologically, the Meghalaya lineage is diagnosable by a unique combination of scalation, tail morphology, and coloration, including a short tail that is not gradually tapering, an obtusely pointed tail tip, and a broad median black stripe on the tail venter. To stabilize name usage around the new taxon, we summarize the historical names associated with the C. pavimentata complex, emphasizing type localities and type material where known.
Section Editor: Daniel Jablonski
LSID:urn:lsid:zoobank.org
DOI:10.47605/tapro.v15i1.397
Submitted date: 16 August 2025
Accepted date: 31 December 2025
Published date: 14 April 2026
Pp. 12–25, Pls. 4–7.
A NEW FOSSORIAL REED SNAKE (SQUAMATA: CALAMARIIDAE: Calamaria) FROM NORTHEAST INDIA, WITH A NOMENCLATURAL SYNOPSIS OF THE Calamaria pavimentata COMPLEX
Manmath Bharali, Chesime M. Sangma, A.A. Thasun Amarasinghe, Sanath C. Bohra, Pranjal Swargiary, Griksrang C. Marak, Arup K. Hazarika, Madhurima Das,
Bipin M. Asem, Jennifer Lyngdoh, Hmar T. Lalremsanga & Jayaditya Purkayastha
*Corresponding author. E-mail: mail.jayaditya@gmail.com
Abstract
The fossorial reed snakes of the genus Calamaria are morphologically conservative, geographically structured, and frequently misidentified across broad regions, especially where historical names have been applied without explicit synonymy audits. During surveys in the Garo Hills, Meghalaya, Northeast India, we collected a series of Calamaria specimens referable to the “Calamaria pavimentata” concept historically used for the region. We evaluate these specimens using a morphology-first framework complemented by mitochondrial cytochrome b phylogenetic placement. Maximum-likelihood inference recovers the Meghalaya lineage as the strongly supported sister to C. mizoramensis, with an uncorrected p-distance of 6.3%; these mitochondrial values are treated as descriptive support rather than as threshold-based evidence. Morphologically, the Meghalaya lineage is diagnosable by a unique combination of scalation, tail morphology, and coloration, including a short tail that is not gradually tapering, an obtusely pointed tail tip, and a broad median black stripe on the tail venter. To stabilize name usage around the new taxon, we summarize the historical names associated with the C. pavimentata complex, emphasizing type localities and type material where known.
Section Editor: Daniel Jablonski
LSID:urn:lsid:zoobank.org
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